Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Neman River shopping experience:

1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Neman River offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Neman River at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.

2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about

3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Neman River? Wrong! If the Neman River is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.

4. Questions - Got a question about Neman River then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....

5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Neman River? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Neman River and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.

6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Neman River wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.

7. Feedback - happy with your Neman River then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.

8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Neman River site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site

9. Contact - got a question about Neman River, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.

10. Payment - ready to pay for your Neman River, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.

"Nieman" and "Niemen" redirects here. For other uses, see Neman and Nieman (disambiguation). {{Infobox_river | river_name = Neman | image_name = Nemunas-en.png | caption = Map highlighting Neman | origin = [Belarus, 45 km south of [Minsk | mouth = [Curonian Lagoon ([Baltic Sea) | basin_countries = [Lithuania, [Belarus, [Russia | length = 937 km (582 mi) | elevation = 176 m (577 ft) | discharge = 616 m³/s (21,757 ft³/s) | watershed = 98,000 km² (37,838 mi²) -->Neman or Nemunas (; ; Lithuanian language: ; ; ; ; ) is a major Eastern European river rising in Belarus and flowing through Lithuania before draining into the Curonian lagoon and then into the Baltic Sea at Klaipėda. It is the border between Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast in its lower reaches. The 14th largest river in Europe, the largest in Lithuania and the 3rd largest in Belarus, it is navigable for most of its 900-kilometer length.

The Neman River basin was formed during the Quaternary period, and is located roughly along the edge of the last glacial sheet, dating from about 25,000-22,000 BP (Before Present). Its depth varies from 1 meter in its upper courses to 5 meters in the lower basin.

Neman by the numbers

Importance of the river in culture In German language, the river has been called die Memel at least since about 1250, when Teutonic Knights erected Memelburg castle and the town of Memel at the mouth of the Curonian lagoon, baptizing it after the indigenous name of the river, Memel. The city of Memel, now in Lithuania, is known today as Klaipėda. On German road maps and in German lexika, only the 112 km section within Prussia (starting at Schmalleningken ) was named Memel ; the part outside Germany was labelled Niemen .

The border between the Teutonic Order state and Lithuania was fixed in 1422 by the Treaty of Lake Melno and remained stable for centuries. In 1919, the Treaty of Versailles made the river the border separating the Memel Territory from German East Prussia as of 1920. At that time, Germany's Weimar Republic adopted the Deutschlandlied as its official national anthem. In the first stanza of the song, written in 1841, the river is mentioned as the eastern border of a (then politically yet to unite) Germany:

{] to the Memel,
From the Adige to the Little Belt|}

Lithuanians refer to the Neman as "the father of rivers" (Nemunas is a masculine noun in Lithuania). Countless companies and organizations in Lithuania have "Nemunas" in their name, including a folklore ensemble, a weekly magazine about art and culture, a sanatorium, and numerous guest houses and hotels. Lithuanian and Polish literature often mention the Nemunas. One of the most famous poems by Maironis starts:

{] runs, where the Neman flows|-|Tai mūsų tėvynė, graži Lietuva||That's our homeland, beautiful Lithuania|}

Almost every Lithuanian can recite these words from heart. It is so well known that it is sometimes thought to be an unofficial national anthem.

There are many other smaller rivers and rivulets in Lithuania with names that may have been derived from "Nemunas" - Nemunykštis, Nemuniukas, Nemunynas, Nemunėlis, Nemunaitis. The etymology of the name is disputed: some say that "Nemunas" is an old word meaning "a damp place," while other say that "Nemunas" was a god in Baltic mythology.

The Neman Loops banknote featuring Nemunas loopsSince the loops are located in Lithuania, they are often referred to as "The Nemunas loops".

In 1992 Nemunas Loops Regional Park was founded. Its goal is to preserve the spectacular loops (Lithuanian: vingis) that the Neman makes in the Punia forest. Near Prienai, the Neman makes a 17-km long loop (like a teardrop) coming within 1.2 km of completing the loop. The Neman flows along the double bend between Balbieriškis and Birštonas for 48 kilometers and then moves in a northerly direction for only 4.5 kilometers. It is a significant historical site with castles that served as the first line of defense against forays by the Teutonic knights.

The Neman Delta At its river delta the Neman splits into a maze of river branches and canals mixing with polders and wetlands and is a very attractive destination for eco-tourism. The four main distributary are Atmata, Pakalnė, Skirvytė and Gilija. The river plays a crucial part in the ecosystem of the Curonian Lagoon. It provides the main water inflow to the lagoon and keeps the water almost fresh. This allows both fresh water and mixed water animals to survive there. As the Neman's delta expands, the lagoon shrinks. Since the delta is located in Lithuania, it is often referred to as Nemunas Delta. Nemunas Delta Regional Park was created in the delta in 1992.

Economic significance

The Neman River is used for a variety of purposes such as fishing, hydropower generation, water supply, industry, and agriculture, as well as recreation, tourism, and water transport. There have been proposals to deepen its watercourse below Kaunas to make it more consistently usable. Transportation initiatives in the Baltic states

The largest cities on the Neman are Hrodna (Belarus), Alytus and Kaunas in Lithuania, and Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast in the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. The river basin has a population of 5.4 million inhabitants. Industrial activities in the Belarusian section include metal processing, chemical industries, pulp and paper production, and manufacturing of building materials, as well as food-processing plants. In Lithuania the city of Kaunas, with about 400,000 inhabitants, is the country's principal user of the river; the local industries that impact the river are hydropower generation, machinery, chemical, wood processing and paper production, furniture production, textile and food-processing. In Kaliningrad, industrial centres near the river include Sovetsk and Neman, which have large pulp and paper production facilities.

Above Kaunas a dam for Kaunas hydroelectric plant was built in 1959. The resulting artificial lake is the biggest such lake in Lithuania. It is called the Kaunas Lagoon (Kauno marios - similar to the Curonian Lagoon; sometimes it is incorrectly referred to as Kaunas Sea). It occupies 63.5 km² (24.5 square miles); its length is 93 km (58 miles); its greatest depth is 22 m (72 feet). The Kaunas Lagoon is a popular destination for Lithuanian yachting.

Biological communities The following fish have been found in the Neman: European perch, Northern pike, roach (fish), tench, bream, rudd, ruffe, and bleak. Its tribitaries also contain stone Loach (fish), the three-spined stickleback, Cyprinids, Brown trout, sculpins, gudgeon (fish), Common dace and European chub.

Atlantic salmon formerly migrated upstream to spawn; the dam constructions on the river, most of which took place during the 20th century, reduced their numbers considerably. The dam at Kaunas does not provide fish ladders. The spawning season took place in the fall; ethnographic studies of the time report that night fishing, using torches and harpoons, was a common technique.

Environmental issues A report by the Swedish EPA (Environmental Protection Administration) rates the quality of the Neman in Lithuania as moderately polluted or polluted. High concentrations of organic pollutants, nitrates and phosphates occur in different parts of the river. Environmental issues include water quality (eutrophication and pollutants), changes in the hydrological regime, and flooding control. The environmental problems in each of the countries that make up the basin are slightly different. In Belarus the main problems are oil products as well as nitrogen and Biochemical oxygen demand (biological oxygen demand). The environmental issues in the Kaliningrad section include high concentrations of BOD, lignosulphates, and nitrogen. In Lithuania, the operations of the Kaunas hydropower station cause changes of the water level that affect the riparian ecosystem. Old wastewater treatment facilities along the entire river also contribute to pollution. Report on the Neman basin issued by the Swedish EPA

The co-operation necessary to ensure the health of the river is complicated by the political divisions in the basin - its territory is shared among Russia, Belarus and the European Union country of Lithuania. Several co-operation initiatives are underway to address the environmental issues of the river.

See also

References External links

"Nieman" and "Niemen" redirects here. For other uses, see Neman and Nieman (disambiguation). {{Infobox_river | river_name = Neman | image_name = Nemunas-en.png | caption = Map highlighting Neman | origin = [Belarus, 45 km south of [Minsk | mouth = [Curonian Lagoon ([Baltic Sea) | basin_countries = [Lithuania, [Belarus, [Russia | length = 937 km (582 mi) | elevation = 176 m (577 ft) | discharge = 616 m³/s (21,757 ft³/s) | watershed = 98,000 km² (37,838 mi²) -->Neman or Nemunas (; ; Lithuanian language: ; ; ; ; ) is a major Eastern European river rising in Belarus and flowing through Lithuania before draining into the Curonian lagoon and then into the Baltic Sea at Klaipėda. It is the border between Lithuania and Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast in its lower reaches. The 14th largest river in Europe, the largest in Lithuania and the 3rd largest in Belarus, it is navigable for most of its 900-kilometer length.

The Neman River basin was formed during the Quaternary period, and is located roughly along the edge of the last glacial sheet, dating from about 25,000-22,000 BP (Before Present). Its depth varies from 1 meter in its upper courses to 5 meters in the lower basin.

Neman by the numbers

Importance of the river in culture In German language, the river has been called die Memel at least since about 1250, when Teutonic Knights erected Memelburg castle and the town of Memel at the mouth of the Curonian lagoon, baptizing it after the indigenous name of the river, Memel. The city of Memel, now in Lithuania, is known today as Klaipėda. On German road maps and in German lexika, only the 112 km section within Prussia (starting at Schmalleningken ) was named Memel ; the part outside Germany was labelled Niemen .

The border between the Teutonic Order state and Lithuania was fixed in 1422 by the Treaty of Lake Melno and remained stable for centuries. In 1919, the Treaty of Versailles made the river the border separating the Memel Territory from German East Prussia as of 1920. At that time, Germany's Weimar Republic adopted the Deutschlandlied as its official national anthem. In the first stanza of the song, written in 1841, the river is mentioned as the eastern border of a (then politically yet to unite) Germany:

{] to the Memel,
From the Adige to the Little Belt|}

Lithuanians refer to the Neman as "the father of rivers" (Nemunas is a masculine noun in Lithuania). Countless companies and organizations in Lithuania have "Nemunas" in their name, including a folklore ensemble, a weekly magazine about art and culture, a sanatorium, and numerous guest houses and hotels. Lithuanian and Polish literature often mention the Nemunas. One of the most famous poems by Maironis starts:

{] runs, where the Neman flows|-|Tai mūsų tėvynė, graži Lietuva||That's our homeland, beautiful Lithuania|}

Almost every Lithuanian can recite these words from heart. It is so well known that it is sometimes thought to be an unofficial national anthem.

There are many other smaller rivers and rivulets in Lithuania with names that may have been derived from "Nemunas" - Nemunykštis, Nemuniukas, Nemunynas, Nemunėlis, Nemunaitis. The etymology of the name is disputed: some say that "Nemunas" is an old word meaning "a damp place," while other say that "Nemunas" was a god in Baltic mythology.

The Neman Loops banknote featuring Nemunas loopsSince the loops are located in Lithuania, they are often referred to as "The Nemunas loops".

In 1992 Nemunas Loops Regional Park was founded. Its goal is to preserve the spectacular loops (Lithuanian: vingis) that the Neman makes in the Punia forest. Near Prienai, the Neman makes a 17-km long loop (like a teardrop) coming within 1.2 km of completing the loop. The Neman flows along the double bend between Balbieriškis and Birštonas for 48 kilometers and then moves in a northerly direction for only 4.5 kilometers. It is a significant historical site with castles that served as the first line of defense against forays by the Teutonic knights.

The Neman Delta At its river delta the Neman splits into a maze of river branches and canals mixing with polders and wetlands and is a very attractive destination for eco-tourism. The four main distributary are Atmata, Pakalnė, Skirvytė and Gilija. The river plays a crucial part in the ecosystem of the Curonian Lagoon. It provides the main water inflow to the lagoon and keeps the water almost fresh. This allows both fresh water and mixed water animals to survive there. As the Neman's delta expands, the lagoon shrinks. Since the delta is located in Lithuania, it is often referred to as Nemunas Delta. Nemunas Delta Regional Park was created in the delta in 1992.

Economic significance

The Neman River is used for a variety of purposes such as fishing, hydropower generation, water supply, industry, and agriculture, as well as recreation, tourism, and water transport. There have been proposals to deepen its watercourse below Kaunas to make it more consistently usable. Transportation initiatives in the Baltic states

The largest cities on the Neman are Hrodna (Belarus), Alytus and Kaunas in Lithuania, and Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast in the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. The river basin has a population of 5.4 million inhabitants. Industrial activities in the Belarusian section include metal processing, chemical industries, pulp and paper production, and manufacturing of building materials, as well as food-processing plants. In Lithuania the city of Kaunas, with about 400,000 inhabitants, is the country's principal user of the river; the local industries that impact the river are hydropower generation, machinery, chemical, wood processing and paper production, furniture production, textile and food-processing. In Kaliningrad, industrial centres near the river include Sovetsk and Neman, which have large pulp and paper production facilities.

Above Kaunas a dam for Kaunas hydroelectric plant was built in 1959. The resulting artificial lake is the biggest such lake in Lithuania. It is called the Kaunas Lagoon (Kauno marios - similar to the Curonian Lagoon; sometimes it is incorrectly referred to as Kaunas Sea). It occupies 63.5 km² (24.5 square miles); its length is 93 km (58 miles); its greatest depth is 22 m (72 feet). The Kaunas Lagoon is a popular destination for Lithuanian yachting.

Biological communities The following fish have been found in the Neman: European perch, Northern pike, roach (fish), tench, bream, rudd, ruffe, and bleak. Its tribitaries also contain stone Loach (fish), the three-spined stickleback, Cyprinids, Brown trout, sculpins, gudgeon (fish), Common dace and European chub.

Atlantic salmon formerly migrated upstream to spawn; the dam constructions on the river, most of which took place during the 20th century, reduced their numbers considerably. The dam at Kaunas does not provide fish ladders. The spawning season took place in the fall; ethnographic studies of the time report that night fishing, using torches and harpoons, was a common technique.

Environmental issues A report by the Swedish EPA (Environmental Protection Administration) rates the quality of the Neman in Lithuania as moderately polluted or polluted. High concentrations of organic pollutants, nitrates and phosphates occur in different parts of the river. Environmental issues include water quality (eutrophication and pollutants), changes in the hydrological regime, and flooding control. The environmental problems in each of the countries that make up the basin are slightly different. In Belarus the main problems are oil products as well as nitrogen and Biochemical oxygen demand (biological oxygen demand). The environmental issues in the Kaliningrad section include high concentrations of BOD, lignosulphates, and nitrogen. In Lithuania, the operations of the Kaunas hydropower station cause changes of the water level that affect the riparian ecosystem. Old wastewater treatment facilities along the entire river also contribute to pollution. Report on the Neman basin issued by the Swedish EPA

The co-operation necessary to ensure the health of the river is complicated by the political divisions in the basin - its territory is shared among Russia, Belarus and the European Union country of Lithuania. Several co-operation initiatives are underway to address the environmental issues of the river.

See also

References External links



 

Neman River



 
Copyright © 2008 Hintcenter.com - All rights reserved.
Home | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy
All Trademarks belong to their repective owners. Many aspects of this page are used under
commercial commons license from Yahoo!